Anthropology+Chapter2-CMP

=Anthropology Chapter (Part 2)=

Activity 13-5: What Bones Tell Us
1. A skull had been found: What can you tell about the skull that has been found? a.) It is a Male b.) Male c.) Male

2. Only the jaw had been found: What can you tell about the jaw from this information only? a.) Female b.) poor and no dental work c.) poor and no dental work

3. Femur only: What can you tell about the femur from the description? a.) Thin: Female b.) Osteoporosis present: don't eat enough calcium c.) if American Caucasian male then probably 174.57 cm tall if American Caucasian female then probably 163.14 cm tall if African American then probably 173.99 cm tall

4. Mass Grave:
 * a. The skeleton is female.
 * b. The skeleton is male.
 * c. The person was 180.72 cm tall.
 * d. The person was 178.921 cm tall.
 * e. The person was 169.165 cm tall.
 * f. The person was 168.23 cm tall.
 * g. The person was 175.94 cm tall.
 * h. The skeleton is probably male. Characteristics of male skulls have more rectangularly shaped eye sockets.
 * i. There could potentially be only two people buried in the grave.
 * j. There are two sets of femur bones, both close enough to possibly have belonged to the same person. There is a high probability that one is male and one is female, based on the lengths of each femur bone. Also, the other bones found in the site could have belonged to the two skeletons. Then again, there could be 8 people buried as well if none of the bones belonged to the same person.
 * k. The skeleton was male. Male skeletons tend to have thicker femur bones.
 * l. The skeleton was female. There is a greater distance between the greater trochanters in a female.

5. a. You would tell that the skeleton was the bearer of three children first by identifying that it was a woman. The bones would be smoother and less knobby. More than anything a woman who has borne children has surface scaring on the pelvis. Also on a woman the sub-pubic angle in the pelvis is ninety degrees where on a man it is less than 90 degrees.

b. You would be able to find evidence of the type of life a persons has lived by their bone tendencies. The person who works and does manual labor would have denser bones. She would have very light bones.

c. Her bones would have hardened over time and would not have suture marks. The traces of age in the pelvis would be where teh illeum ischium and pubic bones fully ossified. The leg would have the condyles joining the shaft. The arm would indicant she was 21 because the humerus bones in the head would have fused.

d. To determine her build you could measure the humerus or the femur. Because they know her sex and race the fromula from which they calculate would be more accurate.