Romanov+Family+AKD

Part A: The Romanov Family

1.Empress Maria

2. Germany

3. A. 4 daughters B. 1 C. Anastasia and Alexei

4. A. Hemophilia B. Blood clots slowly. This delay in clotting can cause severe bleeding in those afflicted. C. Alexandra

5. Her son, her own brother and two of her nephews.

7. March 2, 1917.

8. A. Vladimir Lenin B. Bolsheviks C. To take control of the revolution and to govern the land.

9. A. The Tsar and his family were taken to the House of Special Purpose or the “Ipatiev House.” B. They remained there until July 1918 when the Bolshevik soldiers were ordered to execute the Tsar and his family without a trial.

10. A. The Imperial Family along with a doctor, a nurse and two servants were executed. B. The family jewels.

Part B: Science Solves a Mystery

1. Yekaterinburg, Siberia

2. A. Because of the dispute among the Russian Scientist. B. From the studies they could determine which were male and female, the race, age and how many times a female had delivered babies and the age of the decedent.

3. A and B- 11 people were reportedly shot but only 9 were found in the grave.

4. A. A fully formed set of wisdom teeth indicate that the Skelton belonged to a person 22 years of age or older. So the absence of wisdom teeth lends to the assumption of a person 21 or younger.

B. If rings between the vertebrae have fused to the vertebrae, then you can assume the person is at least 18 years of age. If the rings have not yet fused, assume the skeleton belonged to a person of 17 or younger.

C. The female pelvis has distinctively larger opening or width that allows the skull of a baby to pass through during childbirth. Male have a much smaller opening.

6. Because no skeleton under the age of 18 was recovered, we know, Prince Alexei and Princess Anastasia were both missing from the grave.

7. The DNA from each of the skull bones determined indeed that they Nicholas, Alexandra and the three children.

9. A. DNA found in the mitochondrion of a cell differs in structure and is separate from the DNA found in the cell nucleus. Mitochondrial DNA, or mtDNA exists as a circular loop of double-stranded DNA rather than the linear form found in nuclear DNA.

B. Both forms of DNA are made up of the same units or nucleotides.

10. We inherit mtDNA solely from the mother.

11. A. All 5 children received identical copies of mitochondrial DNA from their mother.

B. Tsarina inherited her mtDaNA from her mother who inherited it from her etc.

C. No, Tsar inherited his mtDNA from his mother and he with all men did not pass his mtDNA on to his children.

12. A. Queen Victoria

B. Prince Philip of England Duke of Edinburgh.

14. Skeleton #9 most likely belonged to the nurse.

15. Because he was a maternal relative of Tsar’s pedigree that was still alive.

16. Tsar Nicholas II

17. Based on the historical record that places the royal doctor and two adult male servants at the execution site, it is most likely that the skeletons #1, 2 and 8 belong to the royal staff members.

18. If Anna Anderson is Princess Anastasia, then her mtDNA should be an exact match to the mtDNA sequenced from the female skeletons (except #9) recovered in the Yekaterinburg. It should also match the mtDNA of Prince Philip.

19. A maternal relative of Franziska would have her same mtDNA sequence.

20. A. Microscopic slides were found in the hospital which she had been treated years before. And where the intestinal tissue had been looked at in the microscope.

B. Not one of the sequenced hairs matched Alexandra Romanov…so they were not related at all. The DNA from Anna Anderson’s tissue did not match Prince Philip’s DNA or the DNA of the Romanov family and the other siblings.

C. It is now generally accepted that the bodies of young Prince Alexei and Princess Anastasia were partially cremated immediately after they were shot. The soldiers then scattered their remains.