Antrhopology+Activity+13-5+KS

1. a) Lamboidal suture nearly closed - Because the lamboidal structure begins closing at around age 21, this person is over 21. The lamboidal structure closes completely at around age 30, and since this person's lamboidal suture is nearly closed, I would say that this person was around 27 or 28.    b) large brow ridge - The skull is that of a male c) large supraorbital ridge - Since this is also the brow ridge, it means that the skull is a male.

2. a) Jaw angle = 100 degrees - This indicates that the jaw is from a female   b) Wisdom teeth have emerged - Wisdom teeth usually emerge between the ages of 16 and 24. Since this person's had emerged, we can say that she was over the age of 16. c) No fillings or bridgework - This could mean that she was poor and could not afford the fillings or bridgework. 3. a) Thin femur - Females usually have thinner femurs than males, so this skeleton is that of a female. b) osteoporosis present - Since this is most common in older caucasian women, and the femur already indicated that the skeleton is a female, we can assume that the osteoporosis indicates that she was caucasian.    c) length of femur = 47 cm - 2.47 x 47 + 54.1 = 170.19 cm (67 inches) The femur length tells us that the woman was approximately 5 ft 7 inches tall.

4. a) jaw angle = 105 degrees - This means that the skeleton was a female, because jaw angles of females are generally bigger than 90 degrees.     b) subpubic angle = 80 degrees - A male's subpubic angle is between 50 and 82 degrees, so this pelvis indicates that this skeleton is a male. c) left femur = 49 cm - 3.01 x 49 + 32.52 = 180.01 cm (70.9 inches) This person was approximately 5 ft 11 inches tall   d) right femur = 49.1 cm - 3.01 x 49.1 + 32.52 = 180.311 cm (71 inches) This person was approximately 5 ft 11 inches tall e) left femur = 45.5 cm - 3.01 x 45.5 + 32.52 = 169.475 cm (66.7 inches) This person was approximately 5 ft 7 inches tall   f) right femur = 45.3 cm - 3.01 x 45.3 + 32.52 = 168.873 cm (66.5 inches) This person was approximately 5 ft. 7 inches tall g) left femur = 48 cm - 3.01 x 48 + 32.52 = 177 cm (69.7 inches) This person was approximately 5 ft 10 inches tall   h) skull: one partial skull found with rectangular orbits (eye sockets) - This means that at least one of the skulls is that of an african american i) How many individuals (minimum) are buried at this one site? - I would say that there are at least 3 individuals buried at this site.    j) how did you determine this number? - There are 5 femur bones, and there are two pairs that are around the same height, indicating that there were two femur bones from each body. This gives us 3 bodies. While there is other information such as the jaw, the pelvis, and the skull, this information could describe the same bodies that the femurs came from. Therefore there is a minimum of 3 bodies located at the burial site. k) This person is a male, because males tend to have thicker femurs than females do.    i) This could indicate that the skeleton is a male, because males generally have more muscle mass than women. It could also indicate that the person was athletic, or in good shape.

5. a) Had three children - If the woman had children, she should have scars on her pelvis.    b) did not engage in much manual labor - Her bones should be less dense than someone who did a lot of manual labor c) was over the age of 21 - Her lamboidal suture should have begun to close if she was over the age of 21.    d) was slightly built - She should have relatively small bones, and her femur should be thin and short. e) was from a wealthy family - If she was from a wealthy family, her teeth would probably have dental work, including fillings and bridgework.