KS+and+DH

1. a) **Manner of death and Cause of death -** Both manner of death and cause of death explain the death of a person, but cause of death is a specific body failure that leads to death. Example: If someone died of a brain hemorage, this is the cause of death, however the manner of their death could have been a suicide, homicide, or an accident. b) **Mechanism of death and Cause of death -** The mechanism of death and cause of death are similar because they both explain how a person dies. However, they are more cause and effect. The mechanism of death is the underlying reason for the cause of death. The cause of death results from the manner of death. For example, if the cause of death is a heart attack, the clogged artery would be the mechanism of death. c) **Larva and Pupa -** Both larva and pupa are animals undergoing metamorphosis or change. While a larva is simply an immature form of an animal such as a maggot or a caterpillar, a pupa is stage of an insects life where if forms a capsule around itself and changes into its adult form. They are essentially the same thing, however larva refers to an animal, while pupa refers to an insect. d) **Rigor mortis and Livor mortis -** These terms are similar because they both result after death. However, rigor mortis is when the muscles relax and then become stiff. This usually starts within 24 hours, and ends after about 36 hours. Livor Mortis, on the other hand, is the way the blood settles in a persons body after death. This is helpful to investigators because they are able to tell if the body's been moved, however it is usually gone after 12 hours. Both of these terms also help CSI's determine the time of death. e) **Autolysis and Decomposition -** Both of these describe the breakdown of a human tissue after death, however decomposition is not as specific as autolysis. Decomposition is just the process of rotting and breaking down, however autolysis is the specific breakdown of cells as they 'self-digest.'

2. The reason that our friend saw the deer and thought it looked so bloated, was because the deer was decomposing. Within four to ten days after death, the deers stomach begins to bloat due to the buildup of carbon dioxide in th body released by bacteria. As the bacteria feed on the soft tissues of the corpse, the gases become trapped within the confines of the corpse's flesh and body, which causes the stomach to inflate. Basically, after death gases accumulate and have nowhere to go, so the stomach rises.

3. There could be multiple kinds of evidence present at the crime scene that would lead investigators to believe that the body was moved from the country to the city. First of all, there might be insects such as blowflies present on body that are not found in the city, but are found in the country. These insects also might help if they are all in various stages of metamorphosis because they should all be in same stage. Also, if there is soil found on the body that is not native to New York City, then it is obvious that the body was not originally located there. And lastly, if there is livor mortis on the body that suggests it was not originally positioned the way it was found. For example, if the body was found on its stomach and their were signs of livor mortis on their back, then the body may have been moved.

4. No, we do not agree with this time frame, due to the fact that rigor mortis starts from the neck down. Therefore, if the body was coming out of rigor mortis, the neck and the shoulders would not have rigor mortis, but the bottom would. Therefore the body isn't peaking and fading, but rather just beginning. While rigor mortis usually peaks after 15 hours, this is not always true.

5. On a squirrel, the first insects to arrive would be the blowflies, which would arrive almost immediately after death. Next would be tiny wasps that lay their eggs on the maggots that were already present from the blowflies. After the wasps, the cheese skippers will arrive, but only after putrefaction is present, because they are attracted to body fluids. The last insects to arrive are the mites and the beetles, who are attracted to the drier conditions of the body because they are the ones that feed on dry tissues like hair. Essentially, different insects and animals arrive in the different stages of decomposition based on the conditions of the body that they like.