WTC+notes+LKW

Initial reports of # of bodies were at least 7000

Contracted out DNA typing work because there was too much work Millions of human remains Even with not many remains, they would still be able to find enough DNA to create a full profile of each of the victims

Fresh Kills- 3000 acre landfill on Staten Island NY

Searched through rubble for tissue, teeth, hair etc. Contracted services of 3 companies: Myriad Genetics, Celera Genomics, BODE Technologies

Short tandem repeats on tissues- focuses on 13 loci found over 23 chromosome pairs DNA fragments are separated by capillary electrophoresis

BODE: 70 employees, one unit devoted to forensic analysis Identified 88 victims in Alaska Air crash in 2000 Received 7000+ samples from WTC

If sample is severely burned, mitochondrial DNA analysis has to be done Celera built 4 labs over 2 months because of all the WTC samples After profiles are obtained, results are shipped back to NY State Police Laboratory Information is stored in FBI’s DNA database Relatives of victims submitted hair, toothbrushes, laundry, and cigarette butts to be compared to found DNA

Even if sample is large, sometimes there’s very little usable tissue Sample’s lab was the largest in the country, but there was still too much for them to handle Had DNA collection at the crash site