Ramsland-+rebecca


 * Read Ramsland 1-28; take note on the wiki

RAMSLAND book notes page 1-28 1. A crime scene: a location where an illegal act took place.** 7. if for any reason at the scene the officer needs to make a change in the evidence they must make note of it.**
 * • Assault, burglary, murder,
 * • Where most of the physical evidence is retrieved.
 * • Can be anywhere
 * o Desert, beneath a house, inside a long distance truck, a body ( jumping to your death) ,
 * o “Cool Change”- the balcony, the sidewalk, the hotel room…etc
 * o “table Stakes”- CSI suspects a second murder took place on the property,
 * • **READ THE ROOM** or **LISTEN TO THE BODY** before you do anything to them.
 * 2. Criminalistics= application if science to the physical evidence,**
 * • such as bloodstains, DNA, and bullet trajectories.
 * 3. Criminology includes the psychological angle**
 * • studying crime scenes for motives, traits, and behavior that will help to interpret the evidence.
 * o Ex. – paint of a car, and the same color on the body.
 * 4. When an area becomes a crime scene- you should preserve it for evidence.**
 * • Everything is properly documented and collected.
 * 5. THE INITIAL CALL:**
 * • 1. Call usually goes through 911.
 * • 2. The dispatcher notifies someone in the area to check it out.
 * • 3. Uniformed police arrive, and make the decision if they need other people.
 * o They write down all what they see: door knocked down, windows cracked, odors, lights on or off, blinds drawn, mail pr news paper piled up… etc.- but wont touch anything.
 * • 4.if someone at the scene is cleaning up- they MUST stop.
 * 6. if the suspect took something or left something it is up to the CSI to make that connection.

8. VEGAS- “I’m in Vegas”- I can do whatever I want.** 11. Sometimes a K-9 will be brought in before the perpetrator trail gets contaminated. 12. Before anything is done, they have to decide if a search warrant is needed.**
 * AN ASIDE ABOUT SIN CITY:
 * • Suicide capital- mostly men and out of towners.
 * 9.crime scenes can be a single room or very wide range. It depends on where the evidence was found.**
 * - how much is enough? How far do you search?
 * 10.the first 24 hours are the most crucial- people have fresh memories and the evidence is untouched. You can persuade a friend of suspect for help better.
 * • You have to protect people rights, or they can take it to court.
 * • Evidence can be thrown out in court too.
 * • To get a warrant they must go to a judge and present what exactly they are looking for.

2 kinds: testimonial and physical.** CSI-
 * TYPES OF EVIDENCE:
 * **• Testimonial: an eye witness or someone near the scene**
 * **• Physical: grouped into 5 categories:**
 * o 1. Temporary (may change or be lost)
 * o 2. Conditional ( associated with specific conditions at the crime scene)
 * o 3. Associative ( links a suspect or victim to a scene)
 * o 4. Pattern ( blood, impressions, tire treads, residue or evidence of a modus operandi)
 * o trace/transfer ( produced by physical contact with some surface)
 * 13. People that are trained to look for things at a forensic sight look for:**
 * • fingerprints
 * [[image:http://tbn0.google.com/images?q=tbn:PrsjRqGSSPf1mM:http://midnightresearch.com/local/images/fingerprint.jpg width="91" height="104" link="http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://midnightresearch.com/local/images/fingerprint.jpg&imgrefurl=http://midnightresearch.com/pages/category/nfo/&h=456&w=399&sz=81&hl=en&start=1&sig2=TT2G3cT88hBPLnjjpYgb3g&um=1&tbnid=PrsjRqGSSPf1mM:&tbnh=128&tbnw=112&ei=wDeER9TBPKbSggL5ouE1&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dfingerprints%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26rlz%3D1G1_____ENUS240%26sa%3DX"]]
 * • impressions from tools, shoes, car tires, fabric and teeth
 * [[image:http://library.thinkquest.org/04oct/00206/images/snowprint.jpg width="203" height="132" caption="http://library.thinkquest.org/04oct/00206/images/snowprint.jpg"]]
 * • body fluids like semen, blood and saliva
 * • other biological evidence such as hair, fingernail scrapings and body tissue
 * • trace evidence such as grass, plant spoors, fibers, paint chips, gunshot residue and accelerants.
 * • Weapons or evidence of them, such as shell casings
 * • Questioned documents, which include forged checks, fake suicide notes and ransom notes
 * • Special evidence in cases of arson or explosions.
 * • High populated areas- CSI’s may just collect evidence and preserve it
 * • Less populated areas,- CSI’s may collect evidence, take pictures, and do lab analysis.
 * DETECTIVES ARE ALWAYS INCHARGE OF THE INVESTIGATION!!!!!!**

1**4. as CSI’s you must be able to “read” the scene. 15. CSI’s may carry a weapon or make an arrest. 16. to qualify as a crime scene investigator you have to:** 8 • most have a college degree.
 * EVIDENCE COLLECTEDAT THE SCENE MAY SERVE SEVERAL PURPOSES:**
 * • 1. PROVE THAT A CRIME HAS BEEN COMMITTED.
 * • 2. INDICATE KEY ASPECTS OF THE CRIME
 * • 3. ESTABLISH THE IDENTITIES OF THE VISTUME OF SUSPECT OR DETERMAIN WHAT KIND OF INVESTIGATION MUST BE DONE TO IDENTIFY THEM AND SEE HOW THEY INTERACTED.
 * • 4. CORROBRATATE ( OR NOT) ANY TESTIMONY GIVEN BY WITNESSES
 * • 5. HELP TO EXONERATE A SUSPECT WHO IS INNOCENT.
 * • 6. PROVIDE LEADS FOR FUTHER INVESTIGATIONS
 * • 7. PRESSURE SUSPECTS INTO GIVING CONFESSIONS.
 * • complete a min. number of hours of training in crime scene processing,
 * • See bodies when gone through different scenarios- drowning, bleeding, burning.

2**0. to keep the photographs good** Close ups are taken for wounds, bite marks, bruises.
 * CRIME SCENE KIT:**
 * • Crime scene tape and a box of chalk
 * • Handheld magnifying glass
 * • Flashlight
 * • Tweezers and a box of swabs
 * • Pen, sketchpad and logbooks
 * • Camera with extra film, a cassette recorder, blank tape
 * • Paper sacks and envelopes
 * • String
 * • Disposable clothing, gloves, and masks
 * • Measuring implements
 * • Orange evidence flags or markers
 * • Portable alternative light source- laser
 * • Lint pick- up adhesive roller
 * The specific- use kits:**
 * • 1. Fingerprinting kit.
 * • 2. A casting kit
 * • 3. Another type of casting kit to take impressions of tool marks.
 * • 4. Laser- for shootings
 * • 5. Trace evidence
 * • 6. Gunshot residue kit
 * • 7. Equipment for detecting the presence of blood that may have been wiped clean or washed away.
 * • 8. A serology kit for collecting any type of bodily fluid.
 * • 9. A special kit for collecting entomology specimens would need jars or containers.
 * • 10. A hazmat kit
 * • 11. A sexual assault kit
 * 17. Forensic Specialties**
 * • anthropologist
 * • artist/sculptor
 * • accountan
 * • ballistics
 * • botanist
 * • chemist/trace expert
 * • dactyloscopist
 * • entomologist
 * • geologist
 * • geographical profiler
 * • linguist
 * mental health expert/criminologist/profiler
 * • deontologist/dentist
 * • serologist
 * 18. The coroner**
 * • if there is a body, the corner/ medical examiner commands the scene.
 * • Investigates all deaths by violence, criminal means, suicide or any unattended death
 * • Orders autopsies
 * [[image:http://static.howstuffworks.com/gif/autopsy-6.jpg width="190" height="143" caption="http://static.howstuffworks.com/gif/autopsy-6.jpg"]]
 * • Provides identification of victims
 * • Conducts inquests
 * • Holds unidentified remains in the morgue
 * • Keeps violent death statistics
 * • Is there a reason for an autopsy?
 * 19. Photographing the scene:**
 * • 1. They sure black and white and various types of color print film
 * • 2. They use cameras with different types of lenses, both wide and normal angle, close up work and a telephoto for long distance.
 * • 3. They bring separate extension flashes
 * • 4. The bring a tripod to keep shots steady
 * • 5. They use a photograph log to keep track of each shot.
 * • 6. They bring filters for better depth.
 * • 7. They include different types of scales in the photo for accurately measuring thinks like shoe imprints.
 * • They sue digital photos as well- for quick develop
 * • First shots: an over of the scene.
 * • mid-shots- focus on items where they are positioned.
 * • finally each item is photographed.
 * • 1. Set the camera for the correct exposure- shadows or no shadows.
 * • 2. Get the maximum depth for field possible.
 * • 3. Get good perspective that contains no distortions
 * • 4. Keep a sharp focus for best detail.
 * 21. BODIES ARE PHOTOGRAPHED FROM 5 ANGLES:**
 * • 1. Head to feet
 * • 2. Right side
 * • 3. Feet to head
 * • 4. Left side
 * • 5. Straight down from above.
 * 22. COLLECTING EVIDENCE AND PRESERVING EVIDENCE:**
 * • keep evidence in clear jars with labels.
 * • Plastic bags and cointainers
 * • Everything is kept separate
 * o * Even the same color paint chip
 * • Fingerprints, bite marks on foods…etc. are all sent to a lab.
 * • Bodies end up in the morgue for an autopsy while physical evidence goes to the labs.